Parameter | Specification |
Plant Type | Herbaceous annual or biennial |
Height | 1.2 to 2 meters (4 to 6.5 feet) |
Stem | Erect, branching, and covered in spines |
Leaves | Large, oblong, shiny green with white veins |
Flower Color | Purple to violet |
Flower Shape | Thistle-like, round with spiny bracts |
Seed Appearance | Dark brown to black, oblong, with a shiny surface |
Seed Size | 4-7 mm long and 2-3 mm wide |
Oil Content in Seeds | 20-30% (rich in silymarin) |
Growth Conditions | Full sun, well-drained soils |